Learning Strategies and Styles

Unit 1Introduction
A. Defining Language Learning Strategies
B. Classifying LLSs
C. Selecting LLSs
D. Assessing LLS Use
E. Summary

Unit 2Indirect Strategies
A. Metacognitive Strategies
B. Affective Strategies
C. Social Strategies
D. Summary

Unit 3Direct Strategies
A. Memory Strategies
B. Cognitive Strategies
C. Compensation Strategies
D. Summary

Unit 4Learning Styles
A. Sensory Learning Styles
B. Cognitive Learning Styles
C. Affective/Temperament styles
D. Summary

Skills and Knowledge

Unit 5Learning to Listen
A. Preparing for Listening
B. Practicing Listening
C. Integrating Listening with Other Skills
D. Summary

Unit 6Learning to Read
A. Understanding Reading
B. Improving Reading Speed
C. Improving Reading Comprehension
D. Reading Differently for Different Purposes
E. Using the Internet to Practice Reading
F. Summary

Unit 7Learning to Speak
A. Preparing for Speaking
B. Practicing Speaking
C. Assessing Your Progress in Speaking
D. Summary

Unit 8Learning to Write
A. Understanding Writing
B. Practicing Writing
C. Writing to Communicate
D. Summary

Unit 9Learning Pronunciation
A. Understanding Pronunciation Learning
B. Aspects of English Pronunciation
C. Practicing English Pronunciation
D. Summary

Unit 10Learning Vocabulary
A. Vocabulary Knowledge
B. Building Vocabulary—Form
C. Developing Vocabulary—Meaning
D. Memorizing Vocabulary
E. Summary

Unit 11Learning Grammar
A. Understanding Grammar
B. Understanding Grammar Learning
C. Practicing Grammar
D. Summary

Unit 12Learning Culture
A. Defining Culture
B. Learning Culture through Language
C. Learning Culture through People and Places
D. Increasing Cultural Awareness
E. Summary

Lecture Paper Examination

Unit 13Attending Lectures
A. Reasons for Attending Lectures
B. Getting to Know Your Class
C. Taking Notes from a Lecture
D. Taking Part in Seminars
E. Summary

Unit 14Writing Papers
A. Defining the Research Paper
B. Planning
C. Drafting
D. Documenting
E. Revising
F. Summary

Unit 15Taking Exams
A. Reasons for Having Exams
B. Preparing for Exams
C. Taking the Exam Successfully
D. Learning from the Exam
E. Summary

Using Resources

Unit 16Using the Library
A. Orienting Yourself in Library
B. Working Out Your Own Booklist
C. Finding Relevant Books and Articles
D. Accessing E-resources
E. Developing Your Own Research Notes and Bibliography
F. Summary

Unit 17Using Dictionaries
A. Reasons for Using Dictionaries
B. Types of Dictionaries
C. Selecting Dictionaries
D. Using Smartphone Dictionaries
E. Summary

Unit 18Using the Internet
A. The Internet and Its Use
B. Using the Internet to Manage Your Life
C. Using the Internet to Help with Your Study
D. Using the Internet to Develop Your Research
E. Summary

Appendix 1: Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL)
Appendix 2: Glossary